WPF application does not run on some PCs

My WPF application runs fine on some PCs, on others it crashes before log4net starts logging. The Error is

  Problem signature:
  Problem Event Name:   CLR20r3
  Problem Signature 01: gui.exe
  Problem Signature 02: 1.0.0.0
  Problem Signature 03: 55cd97ed
  Problem Signature 04: PresentationFramework
  Problem Signature 05: 4.0.30319.18408
  Problem Signature 06: 52312f13
  Problem Signature 07: 7fe8
  Problem Signature 08: ee
  Problem Signature 09: System.Windows.Markup.XamlParse

The PC has .NET-Framework 4.5.1 installed, my 32-bit application is .NET-Framework 4.5. I have noticed that, on another pc where it did not work, the application worked after installing Visual Studio 2013.

I'd be very thankful for a tipp on what I might be missing.

via Chebli Mohamed